Difference between revisions of "Australian units in World War I"

From Linking experiences of World War One
Jump to: navigation, search
(→‎Mounted units and brigades: changing camel corps redlinks)
m (→‎Field artillery batteries: link to brigade/battery list)
 
(13 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 7: Line 7:
 
== Australian Army ==
 
== Australian Army ==
  
−
Known as "Commonwealth Military Forces" or "Australian Military Forces". Formed after federation and governed by 1903 Defence Act, which made it illegal for a standing force of infantry to exist, and for conscripts to serve overseas. The head of the Army was the Chief of General Staff (see [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/AWM4/1/1/ war diary] for more details of responsibilities).
+
Known as "Commonwealth Military Forces" or "Australian Military Forces". Formed after federation and governed by 1903 Defence Act, which made it illegal for a standing force of infantry to exist, and for conscripts to serve overseas. The head of the Army was the Chief of General Staff. All branches of the army were under the [[Australian General Staff]].
 +
 
 +
Before the First World War, the two branches were:
 +
 
 +
* Permanent Force
 +
* Citizen Military Force
 +
 
 +
During the First World War, two expeditionary forces were raised. These were effectively new branches of the army:
 +
 
 +
* Australian Imperial Force
 +
* [[Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force]]
 +
 
 +
See also [https://www.awm.gov.au/atwar/structure/one-army/ Australian War Memorial: One army, two armies?] and [[Wikipedia:History of the Australian Army]].
 +
 
 +
The main administrative corps and departments of the home forces were:
 +
 
 +
* [[Australian Army Medical Corps]] (had Permanent and Citizen sections)
 +
* [[Australian Army Service Corps]] (had Permanent and Citizen sections)
 +
* [[Australian Army Veterinary Corps]] (had Permanent and Citizen sections)
 +
* [[Australian Engineer and Railway Staff Corps]]
 +
* [[Australian Intelligence Corps]]
 +
* [[Australian Volunteer Automobile Corps]]
 +
* [[Royal Australian Engineers]] (Permanent Force only)
 +
* [[Royal Australian Field Artillery]] (Permanent Force only)
 +
* [[Royal Australian Garrison Artillery]] (Permanent Force only)
 +
* [[Australian Chaplains' Department]]
 +
* [[Australian Ordnance Department]]
 +
* [[Australian Pay Department]]
 +
* [[Australian Army Nursing Service]]
 +
 
 +
Australia was divided into military districts, one for each state of the federation:
 +
 
 +
* [[1st Military District, Australian]] (Queensland)
 +
* [[2nd Military District, Australian]] (New South Wales)
 +
* [[3rd Military District, Australian]] (Victoria)
 +
* [[4th Military District, Australian]] (South Australia)
 +
* [[5th Military District, Australian]] (Western Australia)
 +
* [[6th Military District, Australian]] (Tasmania)
  
−
During the First World War, the army had four branches (see also [https://www.awm.gov.au/atwar/structure/one-army/ Australian War Memorial: One army, two armies?] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Australian_Army Wikipedia: History of the Australian Army]):
 
  
  
Line 16: Line 52:
 
Early in the war this was sometimes known as the Expeditionary Force, or large Expeditionary Force, but it's more commonly known by its official title, Australian Imperial Force. This was an all-volunteer force raised for overseas service in the First World War. Legally separate from the Permanent Force and Citizen Military Force (see below) to avoid the limitations imposed by the 1903 Defence Act, but organized by the exising general staff, and many officers and soldiers from the Permanent and Citizen forces volunteered to transfer to the AIF. Disbanded 1 April 1921 but Citizen Military Force inherited the names of its battalions and divisions.
 
Early in the war this was sometimes known as the Expeditionary Force, or large Expeditionary Force, but it's more commonly known by its official title, Australian Imperial Force. This was an all-volunteer force raised for overseas service in the First World War. Legally separate from the Permanent Force and Citizen Military Force (see below) to avoid the limitations imposed by the 1903 Defence Act, but organized by the exising general staff, and many officers and soldiers from the Permanent and Citizen forces volunteered to transfer to the AIF. Disbanded 1 April 1921 but Citizen Military Force inherited the names of its battalions and divisions.
  
−
See also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Australian_Imperial_Force Wikipedia: First Australian Imperial Force].
+
See also [[Wikipedia:First Australian Imperial Force]].
  
 
==== Divisions and corps ====
 
==== Divisions and corps ====
Line 35: Line 71:
 
*[[6th Australian Division]] (started forming in 1917 but never completed)
 
*[[6th Australian Division]] (started forming in 1917 but never completed)
 
*[[Australian Mounted Division]]
 
*[[Australian Mounted Division]]
−
*[[Australian and New Zealand Mounted Division]]
+
*[[ANZAC Mounted Division]]
−
 
 
  
 
==== Infantry battalions and brigades ====
 
==== Infantry battalions and brigades ====
Line 189: Line 224:
 
* [[15th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 
* [[15th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
  
−
As part of [[Imperial Camel Corps]] (a brigade-sized formation including Australian, New Zealand, British and Indian units):
+
As part of [[Imperial Camel Brigade]] (a brigade-sized formation including Australian, New Zealand, British and Indian units, administratively under the [[Imperial Camel Corps]]):
  
−
* [[1st Battalion, Imperial Camel Corps]]
+
* [[1st Battalion Imperial Camel Corps]]
−
* [[3rd Battalion, Imperial Camel Corps]]
+
* [[3rd Battalion Imperial Camel Corps]]
−
* [[4th Battalion, Imperial Camel Corps]]
+
* [[4th Battalion Imperial Camel Corps]]
  
 
Cyclists:
 
Cyclists:
Line 322: Line 357:
 
===== Field artillery batteries =====
 
===== Field artillery batteries =====
  
−
Should these be merged with their parent brigades?
+
[http://www.diggerhistory.info/pages-conflicts-periods/ww1/1aif/artillery.htm List of brigade/battery relationships at Digger History].
  
 
* [[2nd Field Artillery Battery, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 
* [[2nd Field Artillery Battery, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
Line 333: Line 368:
 
* [[9th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 
* [[9th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 
* [[26th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 
* [[26th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
−
 
  
 
===== Divisional ammunition columns =====
 
===== Divisional ammunition columns =====
Line 345: Line 379:
 
* [[5th Australian Divisional Ammunition Column]]
 
* [[5th Australian Divisional Ammunition Column]]
  
−
 
−
===== Brigade ammunition columns =====
 
−
 
−
Should these be merged with their parent brigades?
 
−
 
−
* [[1st Field Artillery Brigade Ammunition Column, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 
−
* [[2nd Field Artillery Brigade Ammunition Column, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 
−
* [[3rd Field Artillery Brigade Ammunition Column, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 
−
* [[12th Field Artillery Brigade Ammunition Column, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 
  
 
===== Heavy artillery =====
 
===== Heavy artillery =====
−
 
+
 +
* [[36th Australian Heavy Artillery Group]]
 
* [[2nd Siege Battery, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 
* [[2nd Siege Battery, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 
* [[Heavy Artillery Battery, 1st Australian Division]]
 
* [[Heavy Artillery Battery, 1st Australian Division]]
Line 467: Line 493:
 
* [[Railway Operating Division Depot, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 
* [[Railway Operating Division Depot, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 
* [[No 2 Ammunition Unit, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 
* [[No 2 Ammunition Unit, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 +
* [[1st Australian Divisional Train]]
 +
* [[2nd Australian Divisional Train]]
 +
* [[3rd Australian Divisional Train]]
 +
* [[4th Australian Divisional Train]]
 +
* [[5th Australian Divisional Train]]
 +
* [[ANZAC Mounted Divisional Train]]
 +
* [[Australian Mounted Divisional Train]]
 +
* [[K Supply Column, I ANZAC Corps]]
 +
* [[Y Supply Column, II ANZAC Corps]]
 +
* [[Australian Corps Mechanical Transport Column]]
 +
* [[I ANZAC Corps Troops Supply Column]]
 +
* [[II ANZAC Corps Troops Supply Column]]
 +
* [[Australian Corps Troops Supply Column]]
 +
* [[1st Australian Divisional Supply Column]]
 +
* [[2nd Australian Divisional Supply Column]]
 +
* [[3rd Australian Divisional Supply Column]]
 +
* [[4th Australian Divisional Supply Column]]
 +
* [[5th Australian Divisional Supply Column]]
 +
* [[10th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[1st Australian Railhead Supply Detachment]]
 +
* [[17th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[18th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[Australian Army Service Corps Training Depot]]
 +
* [[1st Australian Field Bakery]]
 +
* [[2nd Australian Field Bakery]]
 +
* [[3rd Australian Field Bakery]]
 +
* [[4th Australian Field Bakery]]
 +
* [[5th Australian Field Bakery]]
 +
* [[1st Australian Field Butchery]]
 +
* [[2nd Australian Field Butchery]]
 +
* [[3rd Australian Field Butchery]]
 +
* [[4th Australian Field Butchery]]
 +
* [[5th Australian Field Butchery]]
 +
* [[I ANZAC Corps Ammunition Park]]
 +
* [[K Ammunition Park, I ANZAC Corps]]
 +
* [[Y Ammunition Park, II ANZAC Corps]]
 +
* [[1st Australian Ammunition Sub-Park]]
 +
* [[2nd Australian Ammunition Sub-Park]]
 +
* [[3rd Australian Ammunition Sub-Park]]
 +
* [[4th Australian Ammunition Sub-Park]]
 +
* [[5th Australian Ammunition Sub-Park]]
 +
* [[1st Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[2nd Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[3rd Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[4th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[5th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[6th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[7th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[8th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[9th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[10th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[11th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[12th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[14th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[15th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[16th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[17th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[18th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[19th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[20th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[21st Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[22nd Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[23rd Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[24th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[25th Australian Depot Unit of Supply]]
 +
* [[1st Australian Divisional Mechanical Transport Company]]
 +
* [[2nd Australian Divisional Mechanical Transport Company]]
 +
* [[3rd Australian Divisional Mechanical Transport Company]]
 +
* [[4th Australian Divisional Mechanical Transport Company]]
 +
* [[5th Australian Divisional Mechanical Transport Company]]
 +
* [[6th Australian Corps Troops Mechanical Transport Company]]
  
−
See also [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/RCDIG1000078/ list of Supplies and Transport diaries] for more units not yet redlinked.
+
==== Veterinary ====
  
 +
* [[1st Mobile Veterinary Section, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 +
* [[2nd Mobile Veterinary Section, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 +
* [[3rd Mobile Veterinary Section, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 +
* [[4th Mobile Veterinary Section, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 +
* [[5th Mobile Veterinary Section, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 +
* [[6th Mobile Veterinary Section, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 +
* [[7th Mobile Veterinary Section, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 +
* [[8th Mobile Veterinary Section, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 +
* [[9th Mobile Veterinary Section, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 +
* [[10th Mobile Veterinary Section, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)]]
 +
* [[Australian Veterinary Hospital]]
 +
* [[Australian Army Veterinary Corps Training Depot]]
  
 
==== Australian Flying Corps (AFC) ====
 
==== Australian Flying Corps (AFC) ====
Line 481: Line 590:
 
* [[7 (Training) Squadron Australian Flying Corps (AFC)]]
 
* [[7 (Training) Squadron Australian Flying Corps (AFC)]]
 
* [[8 (Training) Squadron Australian Flying Corps (AFC)]]
 
* [[8 (Training) Squadron Australian Flying Corps (AFC)]]
 +
* [[Half Flight Australian Flying Corps (Mesopotamia)]]
  
 
=== Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force ===
 
=== Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force ===
Line 489: Line 599:
 
** [[1st Battalion, Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force]] (sailed on [[SS Berrima]])
 
** [[1st Battalion, Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force]] (sailed on [[SS Berrima]])
 
** [[2nd Battalion, Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force]] (sailed on [[SS Kanowna]])
 
** [[2nd Battalion, Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force]] (sailed on [[SS Kanowna]])
−
** [[3rd Battalion (Tropical Force), Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force]]
+
** [[3rd Battalion, Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force]]
−
** [[4th Battalion (Tropical Force), Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force]]
+
** [[4th Battalion, Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force]]
 
** [[Naval Brigade, Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force]]
 
** [[Naval Brigade, Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force]]
  
Line 500: Line 610:
 
Also known as the Militia. Conscripted in peace-time for training and could be called out for home defence, but not legally allowed to be sent overseas. Mobilized for home defence at the start of the First World War.
 
Also known as the Militia. Conscripted in peace-time for training and could be called out for home defence, but not legally allowed to be sent overseas. Mobilized for home defence at the start of the First World War.
  
−
See also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Army_Reserve Wikipedia: Australian Army Reserve].
+
See also [[Wikipedia:Australian Army Reserve]].
  
 
The 1914 Army List contains a complete list of pre-war CMF units, including:
 
The 1914 Army List contains a complete list of pre-war CMF units, including:
Line 509: Line 619:
 
* [https://archive.org/stream/armylistjul1914grea#page/1209/mode/2up infantry regiments] (These seem to be all single-battalion regiments numbered 1st to 93rd. Number of companies varies.)
 
* [https://archive.org/stream/armylistjul1914grea#page/1209/mode/2up infantry regiments] (These seem to be all single-battalion regiments numbered 1st to 93rd. Number of companies varies.)
 
* [https://archive.org/stream/armylistjul1914grea#page/1225/mode/2up Medical Corps]
 
* [https://archive.org/stream/armylistjul1914grea#page/1225/mode/2up Medical Corps]
 +
 +
==== Infantry Brigades ====
 +
 +
* [[2nd Infantry Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[5th Infantry Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[6th Infantry Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[8th Infantry Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[10th Infantry Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[13th Infantry Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[16th Infantry Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[17th Infantry Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[18th Infantry Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[19th Infantry Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[22nd Infantry Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[23rd Infantry Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
 +
 +
==== Infantry Regiments ====
 +
 +
* [[2nd Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[3rd Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[4th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[7th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[8th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[9th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[11th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[14th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[16th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[18th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[19th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[21st Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[24th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[25th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[26th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[29th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[31st Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[33rd Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[34th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[37th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[38th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[39th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[41st Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[43rd Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[46th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[48th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[49th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[51st Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[52nd Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[55th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[56th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[58th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[60th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[63rd Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[64th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[66th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[67th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[70th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[71st Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[73rd Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[74th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[76th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[78th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[79th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[81st Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[84th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[86th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[88th Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[91st Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[92nd Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[93rd Infantry Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[Melbourne University Rifles, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[Sydney University Scouts, Australian Militia]]
 +
 +
 +
==== Light Horse Brigades ====
 +
 +
* [[1st Light Horse Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[2nd Light Horse Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[3rd Light Horse Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[5th Light Horse Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[7th Light Horse Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[8th Light Horse Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
 +
 +
==== Light Horse Regiments ====
 +
 +
* [[1st Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[2nd Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[3rd Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[4th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[5th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[6th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[7th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[9th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[11th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[13th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[15th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[16th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[17th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[19th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[20th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[22nd Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[23rd Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[24th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[25th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[26th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[27th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[28th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[29th Light Horse Regiment, Australian Militia]]
 +
 +
 +
==== Engineers and Signals ====
 +
 +
* [[1st Field Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[2nd Field Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[5th Field Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[6th Field Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[7th Field Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[8th Field Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[12th Field Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[13th Field Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[14th Field Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[32nd Fortress Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[33rd Fortress Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[34th Fortress Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[35th Fortress Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[36th Fortress Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[37th Fortress Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[38th Fortress Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[39th Fortress Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[23rd Signal Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[24th Signal Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[25th Signal Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[26th Signal Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[28th Signal Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[30th Signal Company, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[6th Signal Troop, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[15th Signal Troop, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[17th Signal Troop, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[19th Signal Troop, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[21st Signal Troop, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[22nd Signal Troop, Australian Militia]]
 +
 +
 +
==== Artillery ====
 +
 +
* [[1st Field Artillery Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[4th Field Artillery Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[6th Field Artillery Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[7th Field Artillery Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[8th Field Artillery Brigade, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[1st Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[2nd Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[3rd Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[10th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[11th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[13th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[16th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[17th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[18th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[19th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[20th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[22th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[23rd Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[25th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[31st Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[34th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[35th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[37th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[38th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[40th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[41st Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[44th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[46th Field Artillery Battery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[1st Garrison Artillery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[2nd Garrison Artillery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[3rd Garrison Artillery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[4th Garrison Artillery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[5th Garrison Artillery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[6th Garrison Artillery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[7th Garrison Artillery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[8th Garrison Artillery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[9th Garrison Artillery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[10th Garrison Artillery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[11th Garrison Artillery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[12th Garrison Artillery, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[13th Garrison Artillery, Australian Militia]]
 +
 +
 +
==== Medical ====
 +
 +
* [[1st Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[2nd Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[4th Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[6th Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[7th Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[8th Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[13th Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[15th Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[16th Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[17th Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[19th Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[21st Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[22nd Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[23rd Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[24th Light Horse Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[25th Light Horse Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[26th Light Horse Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[28th Light Horse Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[30th Light Horse Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[31st Light Horse Field Ambulance, Australian Militia]]
 +
* [[33rd Company, Australian Army Medical Corps]]
 +
* [[40th Company, Australian Army Medical Corps]]
 +
* [[45th Company, Australian Army Medical Corps]]
 +
* [[50th Company, Australian Army Medical Corps]]
 +
 +
 +
==== Logistics ====
 +
 +
* [[2nd Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[3rd Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[6th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[7th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[8th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[9th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[13th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[14th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[15th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[16th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[19th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[20th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[22nd Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[23rd Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[24th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[25th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[26th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[28th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[30th Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[31st Company, Australian Army Service Corps]]
  
 
=== Permanent Force ===
 
=== Permanent Force ===
Line 523: Line 872:
 
* [[Royal Australian Engineers]]
 
* [[Royal Australian Engineers]]
 
** [[Survey Section, Royal Australian Engineers]]
 
** [[Survey Section, Royal Australian Engineers]]
 +
 +
There were also Permanent sections of:
 +
 +
* [[Australian Army Medical Corps]]
 +
* [[Australian Army Service Corps]]
 +
* [[Australian Army Veterinary Corps]]
  
 
== Royal Australian Navy ==
 
== Royal Australian Navy ==
Line 528: Line 883:
 
The navy was formed after the federation of the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901 as Commonwealth Naval Forces. Granted the title Royal Australian Navy in 1911. Put under British command immediately after start of First World War and served in many theatres.
 
The navy was formed after the federation of the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901 as Commonwealth Naval Forces. Granted the title Royal Australian Navy in 1911. Put under British command immediately after start of First World War and served in many theatres.
  
−
See also [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Royal_Australian_Navy Wikipedia: History of the Royal Australian Navy].
+
See also [[Wikipedia:History of the Royal Australian Navy]].
  
 
* [[HMAS AE1]]
 
* [[HMAS AE1]]

Latest revision as of 08:22, 14 November 2017

The armed forces of the Commonwealth of Australia consisted of two services: the Australian Army and the Royal Australian Navy.

Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918 at the Australian War Memorial.

See also naming conventions for Australian units.

Australian Army

Known as "Commonwealth Military Forces" or "Australian Military Forces". Formed after federation and governed by 1903 Defence Act, which made it illegal for a standing force of infantry to exist, and for conscripts to serve overseas. The head of the Army was the Chief of General Staff. All branches of the army were under the Australian General Staff.

Before the First World War, the two branches were:

  • Permanent Force
  • Citizen Military Force

During the First World War, two expeditionary forces were raised. These were effectively new branches of the army:

See also Australian War Memorial: One army, two armies? and Wikipedia:History of the Australian Army.

The main administrative corps and departments of the home forces were:

Australia was divided into military districts, one for each state of the federation:


Australian Imperial Force

Early in the war this was sometimes known as the Expeditionary Force, or large Expeditionary Force, but it's more commonly known by its official title, Australian Imperial Force. This was an all-volunteer force raised for overseas service in the First World War. Legally separate from the Permanent Force and Citizen Military Force (see below) to avoid the limitations imposed by the 1903 Defence Act, but organized by the exising general staff, and many officers and soldiers from the Permanent and Citizen forces volunteered to transfer to the AIF. Disbanded 1 April 1921 but Citizen Military Force inherited the names of its battalions and divisions.

See also Wikipedia:First Australian Imperial Force.

Divisions and corps

Australian units also formed a large part of Desert Mounted Corps (which country did the corps headquarters belong to?).

Infantry battalions and brigades

As part of 1st Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 2nd Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 3rd Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 4th Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 5th Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 6th Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 7th Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 8th Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 9th Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 10th Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 11th Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 12th Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 13th Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 14th Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 15th Infantry Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

Unknown brigade in the planned 6th Australian Division:

As part of Overseas Training Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

Training brigades:

Training battalions that need matching to training brigades:

Mounted units and brigades


As part of 1st Light Horse Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 2nd Light Horse Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 3rd Light Horse Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 4th Light Horse Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of 5th Light Horse Brigade, Australian Imperial Force (AIF)

As part of Imperial Camel Brigade (a brigade-sized formation including Australian, New Zealand, British and Indian units, administratively under the Imperial Camel Corps):

Cyclists:

Machine gun units

These battalions probably attached to the Australian divisions with the same number:

These companies were probably attached to the AIF infantry brigades with the same number:

These companies were probably attached to divisions:

These were mounted units, probably attached to light horse:

Other machine gun units:

Medical, Dental & Nursing

Also the Australian Army Nursing Service and Australian Voluntary Hospital.

Artillery

See also list of artillery war diaries.

Field artillery brigades


Field artillery batteries

List of brigade/battery relationships at Digger History.

Divisional ammunition columns

These were attached to the divisions they're named after.


Heavy artillery
Heavy and medium trench mortars

These were attached to divisions or corps.

Light trench mortars

These were probably attached to the infantry brigades with the same number.

Engineers, tunnelling and signals

See also list of engineering war diaries.

Logistics

Veterinary

Australian Flying Corps (AFC)

Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force

Also known as First Expeditionary Force, and later as Tropical Force. Another volunteer land force, administratively separate from the AIF, raised in August 1914 to invade and occupy German colonies in the Pacific. Operated with Royal Australian Navy ships, but infantry battalions organized by Army general staff.


See also AWM search results for unit pages.

Citizen Military Force

Also known as the Militia. Conscripted in peace-time for training and could be called out for home defence, but not legally allowed to be sent overseas. Mobilized for home defence at the start of the First World War.

See also Wikipedia:Australian Army Reserve.

The 1914 Army List contains a complete list of pre-war CMF units, including:

Infantry Brigades


Infantry Regiments


Light Horse Brigades


Light Horse Regiments


Engineers and Signals


Artillery


Medical


Logistics

Permanent Force

Full-time regulars. Not legally allowed to include infantry. Mostly staff officers, administrators and instructors, but there were a few Permanent Force artillery and engineer units. Only the Permanent Force branches of the artillery and engineers were allowed the title "Royal" in this period.

1914 Army List gives a list of Permanent Force officers and units.

There were also Permanent sections of:

Royal Australian Navy

The navy was formed after the federation of the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901 as Commonwealth Naval Forces. Granted the title Royal Australian Navy in 1911. Put under British command immediately after start of First World War and served in many theatres.

See also Wikipedia:History of the Royal Australian Navy.

Transport ships


Retrieved from ‘http://collaborativecollections.org/WorldWarOne/index.php?title=Australian_units_in_World_War_I&oldid=53079’